Transmission response measurements of frequency translating devices

This paper presents two methods for accurately determining the transmission response of frequency translating devices: an inferred response technique using a vector network analyzer, and a direct response technique utilizing a microwave transition analyzer. Tradeoffs between these two approaches are presented along with results for a 20 GHz downconverter. The emphasis here is on single-sideband converters, but the application to double-sideband converters is also described briefly.