Design of low power digital systems

With the increasing use of portable computing and wireless communication systems, the power dissipation of digital and analog systems are of increasing concern. However, the design objectives to achieve a certain performance with ultralow power dissipation sometimes have conflicting requirements. In this chapter we will first consider in detail how power is dissipated in CMOS digital circuits, derive power estimation techniques for CMOS digital circuits, and present both hardware and software design considerations for ultra low power dissipation.