Energy-Efficient SPEED Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose an approach for routing in SPEED protocol considering residual energy in routing decisions. Due to the limited energy of a sensor node, energy-efficient routing is a very important issue in sensor networks. This approach finds energy-efficient paths for delay-constrained data in real-time traffic. The SPEED protocol does not consider any energy metric in its routing. In our approach, routing is based on a weight function, which is a combination of the three factors: Delay, Energy & Speed. Here, the node with the greatest value in the weight function is to be selected as the next hop forwarding. We increase the network lifetime by considering energy metric in routing decisions. This method aims to construct a nearly stateless routing protocol, which can be used to route data based on the nodespsila residual energy. Simulation results demonstrate that the new scheme improves network lifetime about 15% longer than the traditional SPEED protocol.