The series loaded transmission line phase shifter-a rigorous solution

The design of die embedding networks for PIN diodes in a series loaded transmission line is carried out using the invariant property of the quality factor Q under lossless transformations. The procedure is also applicable to the shunt loaded transmission line phase shifter, and avoids simplifications that produce approximate designs. The present method is rigorous, incorporates the losses of the diodes and does not require matched diodes.