Dual polarized widely tunable stacked microstrip antenna using varactor diodes

In this paper, a dual polarized widely tunable stacked microstrip antenna is proposed and is investigated by simulation and measurement. Eight varactor diodes are embedded along the edges of the patch to realize the proposed tuning capability. The stacked structure is used to compensate for varactor loss. Consequently, a wide tuning range of 63% is achieved with a gain variation of 1.0-9.3 dBi.