Local Spout of Biological Samples and Applications for Liposomes

This paper presents the local spout of biological sample method with using the electro-osmotic phenomenon by a pipette manipulation. The pipettes can be used to control the local the environment around/inside single cells. Conventionally, the microinjection with pipette has been conducted by air pressures. By this method, the spout of high viscosity solutions is difficult caused by the frictional forces between the surface of a pipette and a solution. In this paper, the spouting method using electro-osmotic phenomenon is used. It is considered that the high viscosity solution can be spouted by the direct forces applied to the molecules in solution. The local spouts of the proteins such as GFP and F-actin are presented experimentally. And the method is applied for injection experiment into a liposome which has been researched as the model of biological membrane.