A 3.2-Gb/s transceiver with a quarter-rate linear phase detector reducing the phase offset

In this paper, the transceiver which incorporates a PLL using a ring voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a phase interpolator (PI), the quarter-rate linear phase detector (PD) and an output driver with pre-emphasis is presented. The phase detector which uses a clock whose frequency is a quarter of the data rate and reduces the phase offset is proposed. The transceiver, implemented in a 0.18-mum CMOS technology, operates at 3.2-Gb/s over a 10-cm PCB line with the bit error rate (BER) of less than 10
^-12
. The chip area is 3.7 times 2.5 mm
²
and the core without I/O consumes 45-mA and I/O buffers consume 80-mA from a 1.8-V supply.