A retail-competition supply chain with promotion effort and sales learning curve

Consider a single supplier-multiple retailers supply chain under retailers' promotional efforts and sales learning curve. The competition between retailers arises from substitution effect due to shortages. This paper incorporates the idea of sales learning curve into the promotion cost. Retailers determine the promotion and the replenishment policies while maximizing profits. The numerical analysis discusses the influences from retailer competition and sales learning curve on the behaviors of the channel. These results should be a useful reference for management and administrations.