A Profound Survey of Sensor Networks & Related Routing Protocols

Advances in wireless sensor networks have led to many new protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awareness is an essential consideration. Most of the attention, however, has been given to the routing protocols since they might differ depending on the application and network architecture. Tiny sensor nodes create sensor network. These nodes are severely constrained by energy, storage capacity and computing power. The prominent task of this network is to design proficient routing protocols for to make the node's life last longer. In this paper, we first analyze the requirements of sensor networks and its architecture. Then, we enlighten the existing routing protocols for sensor networks and present a critical analysis of these protocols. The paper concludes with open research issues. At the end of this paper, we compare and contrast these protocols.