Metrology for nanotechnology

Nanotechnology is a global phenomenon that is already impacting significantly on Australia's scientific, technological, economic and social development. As the nanotechnology industry continues to grow in Australia, it will require a suitable scientific, commercial and regulatory environment. A fundamental element of this environment is measurement. Reliable measurements of physical, chemical and biological quantities are necessary at all stages of the nanotechnology value chain to both truly understand and control the manufacturing process and ensure and demonstrate product quality. This article outlines the current status of the nanometrology program at the National Measurement Institute, Australia (NMIA) and presents some recent work, including the results from our participation in three international comparisons.