Design of CCI-based tuneable active filters and sinusoidal oscillator

A CMOS compatible current-controlled first generation current conveyor (CCCI), is presented. The parasitic resistance (Rx) of the CCCI is controlled by varying the bias current (Iref). Further, the CCCI is used to test two filtering applications: a Band-pass (BPF) and High-pass (HPF) filters, and also a sinusoidal oscillator. For the filtering applications, Rx is varied to tune the center and cut-off frequency of the BPF and LPF, respectively. In the same manner, it is shown that the CCI is suitable to design a sinusoidal oscillator with few grounded passive elements. Finally, it is highlighted that HSPICE simulations are in good agreement with the ideal responses simulated in MatLab, where the BPF can tune its center frequency from 1.57 MHz to 6 MHz, the HPF can tune its cut-off frequency from 2.12 MHz to 5 MHz, and the sinusoidal oscillator can tune its oscillation frequency from 1.8 MHz to 3.5 MHz, just by varying Iref.