Vehicle–Vehicle Channel Models for the 5-GHz Band

In this paper, we describe the results of a channel measurement and modeling campaign for the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) channel in the 5-GHz band. We describe measurements and results for delay spread, amplitude statistics, and correlations for multiple V2V environments. We also discuss considerations used in developing statistical channel models for these environments and provide some sample results. Several statistical channel models are presented, and using simulation results, we elucidate tradeoffs between model implementation complexity and fidelity. The channel models presented should be useful for system designers in future V2V communication systems.

I. Introduction

The USE OF vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication will be an integral part of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) [1], and work on various aspects of ITSs [2] has substantially been growing. Some obvious benefits of V2V communications are its ability to improve road safety; making commuters aware of current traffic [4], weather [3], and road conditions; easing “bottlenecks” at toll booths, thus saving time and money for commuters and government; and turning long journeys into times for family activities by enabling the flow of multimedia between different traveling cars. The list of possible applications [5] is long. The scope of V2V communications is not limited to a fixed number of a priori specified vehicles and can hence be extrapolated to numerous vehicles via the concept of vehicular mobile ad hoc networks. Vehicular ad hoc networks are important since they remove the dependence on cellular networks for communication between vehicles. Public safety applications may also employ V2V communications [6].