Six time- and frequency- selective empirical channel models for vehicular wireless LANs

Three vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) models and three roadside-to-vehicle (RTV) models, each suitable for RF channel emulation and based on measurements at 5.9 GHz, are presented. Each model captures the joint Doppler-delay characteristics of a different environment. The packet error rate (PER) for each model, measured with an emulator and an 802.11p wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) prototype, is presented.