Simple Hardware-Oriented Algorithms for Typical 2-D Positioning Problems

Position estimation from time of arrival, time difference of arrival, and angle of arrival measurements are the commonly used techniques. These approaches use the location parameters received from different sources, and they are based on intersections of circles, hyperbolas, and lines respectively. The location is determined using geometric complex computation methods that are usually implemented in software. In this paper, we propose a general approach to design new algorithms that use only simple add and shift operations in the computation and therefore can be easily implemented in hardware or firmware. In addition to their implementation simplicity, the proposed algorithms outperform the traditional ones in terms of the required number of operations for a specific accuracy level.