ECM-components in a VCSEL with optical feedback

This paper investigates a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) model in which the first two, rotationally symmetric, linearly polarised optical modes (LP₀₁ and LP₀₂) are excited. A general form of optical feedback is studied, in which the electric fields of the two modes can couple via the external-cavity round-trip. This is in contrast to previous studies in which each field receives feedback only from itself. More specifically, we study the external-cavity mode (ECM) structure of a VCSEL with a small amount of feedback induced cross-coupling between the electric fields.