A Penning Discharge Ion Source for High Brightness

The development, characteristics and emittance of the Penning discharge ion source used in the Cosmotron injector are described. The maximum value of brightness reported is 3 × 1012 mA cm-2 rad-2 at 78 mA total current, 23 keV beam energy. The results are superior to recent values for duoplasmatrons from various laboratories, except for total current.