Open Architecture Submarine Cable Observatory Systems

The NEPTUNE observatory system has introduced a new technology approach, bringing the Internet to subsea cabled science observatory systems. The subsea nodes, providing subsea connection points provisioning data and power, provide a gateway between the permanent infrastructure and the instrumentation. The proven high reliability and long life of the subsea communications equipment offers the opportunity to install permanent observatories for operation for at least 25 years. This technology provides as a flexible system with many key features that provide a new horizon for future observatory needs. The provision of standard, open, connection interfaces to the instrumentation systems simplifies the overall development and integration of new instrumentation. The provision of high bandwidth enables all data to be readily communicated to shore with excellent time resolution. Compared to conventional systems the availability of much higher power, up to 10 kW per node, will enable a new generation of instrumentation systems to be deployed. The paper will describe a ring architecture for a Regional Cabled Observatory, and scope the expansion, via a number of methods, to provide greater physical coverage. Some key, architectural options for subsea cable observatories will be considered, for coastal (<100 km) and longer, regional systems. The paper will also report on the development of the new products for the Neptune Science Observatory.