Active integrated antennas

The development of active integrated antennas is reviewed in this paper. The circuit structures of different types of active integrated antennas are discussed. Various circuits integrating solid state devices and low-profile passive antenna elements are demonstrated. The applications in quasi-optical power combining arrays and beam-scanning phased arrays are reviewed. By using the modern MIC and MMIC fabrication technology, compact, light-weight, and low-cost active integrated antennas are realized. In addition, nonlinear electromagnetic simulations of active integrated antennas are discussed.<>