Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Directional Transmitting systems

This paper discusses some of the more important principles involved in the development of the directional transmitting antennas at present employed in the Bell System short-wave facilities. The theoretical performance of directive arrays is presented by means of various curves which have been obtained by integrations based upon Poynting's theorem. The details of the mathematical derivations are omitted for the sake of brevity, but the general procedure and the resulting formulas have been placed in an appendix. Various practical problems encountered in the development are described. These include antenna tuning procedure, transmission line adjustments, and sleet melting facilities.