Design of a Closely Spaced, Folded Yagi Antenna

A closely spaced, folded Yagi antenna design is proposed for achieving high gain in a physically compact size. It is shown that a three-element Yagi can achieve a realized gain of more than 6.7 dB, despite the fact that the spacing between the elements is only 0.02lambda. The simulation results are verified by measurements using a monopole version of the design at 1 GHz. The antenna design is then evaluated at 8 MHz over a lossy ground for potential applications in HF skywave transmission