A 200-MHz 64-b dual-issue CMOS microprocessor

A 400-MIPS/200-MFLOPS (peak) custom 64-b VLSI CPU is described. The chip is fabricated in a 0.75- mu m CMOS technology utilizing three levels of metalization and optimized for 3.3-V operation. The die size is 16.8 mm*13.9 mm and contains 1.68 M transistors. The chip includes separate 8-kbyte instruction and data caches and a fully pipelined floating-point unit (FPU) that can handle both IEEE and VAX standard floating-point data types. It is designed to execute two instructions per cycle among scoreboarded integer, floating-point, address, and branch execution units. Power dissipation is 30 W at 200-MHz operation.<
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