Powering autonomous cubic-millimeter devices

The reported results are concerned with powering miniature autonomous devices using radio-frequency (RF) energy, not requiring batteries or wires. The century-old concept of transmitting energy using RF is now practical for numerous applications. The method of evaluating the receiving area of miniature antennas is presented, and implemented using a particular antenna profile with inherent electrical inductance and capacitance properties. The research demonstrates the ability to obtain the theoretical antenna effective area. The results facilitate the economical fabrication of an antenna as an integral part of a printed circuit board or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device.