Impact of the MRI-based Navigation System Constraints on the Step Response Using a PID Controller

This paper presents the identification and the study of the impact of a real-time MRI-based propulsion and tracking system constraints on the step response using a discrete PID controller. A simplified model for such a system accounts for these constraints such as the time delay, the sampling period, and the blood velocity. This application is intended for minimally invasive operations within the human cardiovascular system