Miniature fluorescent metabolometer

The authors describe a non-intrusive method for monitoring the fluorescent reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and the reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2) fluorescence intensities. The ratio of the fluorescence intensities gives a measure of the oxidation-reduction (redox) state of the tissue. A yeast model has been established to calibrate the instrument.