On 2D forward-backward spatial smoothing for azimuth and elevation estimation of coherent signals

The paper presents two-dimensional forward-backward spatial smoothing for estimating the azimuth and elevation of fully coherent sources using a uniform rectangular array (URA). To guarantee the resolvability of K coherent signals for all possible cases, the minimum size of the total URA is 3K/2/spl times/3K/2 for the proposed method and 2K/spl times/2K for the existing forward-only 2D spatial smoothing scheme. Simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.