Macromodel for CMOS photogate-type active pixel sensors

Photogate-type pixels are structures widely used in the design of modern CMOS integrated cameras, but also in real-time CMOS vision sensory system applications. This work introduces a PSpice macromodel for CMOS photogate-type active pixel sensors that can be used for electrical simulation. The aim of this work is to introduce a PSpice macromodel due to the lack of macromodels reported in the literature. Simulation results as well as measurements of a test photogate-type active pixel sensor, fabricated in a standard CMOS process, using 1.2 microns design rules are presented.