Design and operation of a micromachined bubble-jet cell sorter

We present a high-speed microfluidic cell sorter employing embedded heaters and nozzles to generate deflecting jets to change the movement of the cells. We simulated the transient flow fields to validate the concept and optimize the sorter design. The simulation demonstrates a spatial switching window corresponding to 1.1 times the switching chamber length. Experimental verification was obtained using micromachined devices characterized by stroboscopic measurements. With a 4.9 /spl mu/s working period for the 20/spl times/20 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ heaters that generate the deflecting jets, the sorter can potentially attain a working frequency of 50 kHz or higher. We built a scattered-light based optical system to detect moving particles and successfully performed sorting of 20 /spl mu/m microspheres. This type of sorter is promising for micromanipulation of a variety of biological cells and inorganic particles.