Realization of card-centric framework: a card-centric computer [smart cards]

A card-centric framework is proposed to expand smart cards' potential and perhaps help smart cards to survive in the ever-changing world of consumer electronics. In the card-centric framework, smart cards play an active role and control their own I/O devices. The card-centric computer is an implementation of the card-centric framework and can work as a fully functional computer. It demonstrates the ability of smart cards to have control over the mouse, keyboard and VGA output through a dummy console. It proves the feasibility of the card-centric framework and offers a glimpse of the future of smart card technology.