Indirect atmospheric measurements utilizing rake tropospheric scatter techniques—Part II: radiometeorological interpretation of rake channel-sounding observations

Successful remote sensing of the lower atmosphere's refractive-structure has been demonstrated using the Rake tropospheric scatter channel-sounding technique. The detected atmospheric structures show spatial refractive inhomogeneity in the form of discrete scattering layers at different heights. Detected layer heights and crosspath wind speeds were found to be in close agreement with U. S. Weather Bureau rawinsonde data from three surrounding locations. The analysis of the radio data was based on single scattering and assumed that Doppler shifts were due primarily to the horizontal crosspath wind. Certain detected layers exhibited azimuthal dependence in agreement with classical isotropic turbulence theory. Other layers of a specular nature produced radio data that are shown to agree with an anisotropic form of the refractive space correlation function. The degree of anisotropy for one experiment was evaluated from the radio data.