Performance analysis of extended carrier-hopping prime codes for optical CDMA

A new class of two-dimensional (2-D) carrier-hopping prime codes with very good correlation properties and significantly expanded cardinality was recently constructed for wavelength-hopping time-spreading optical code-division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper, the performance of the new codes is analyzed and compared to a carrier-grouping scheme of the original carrier-hopping prime codes. In addition, the traditional chip-synchronous assumption used in the performance analysis of optical CDMA is removed, for the first time, for 2-D optical codes with cross-correlation functions of at most one, showing improvement and better accuracy in error probabilities.