Utility experience computing physical and operational margins. Part II. Application to power system studies

This paper deals with the application of the concept of physical and operational margins to analysis of power system behavior. The approach has been evaluated by the EPRI probabilistic reliability assessment (PRA) user-group members as described in the companion paper, Part I. Upon the evaluation of the approach, a variety of studies was performed, including system planning and reliability studies, system operations studies, and ranking transmission projects. The approach offers fast and accurate determination of bottlenecks in the transmission network and optimal mitigation measures to alleviate the identified violations. The paper represents the collective effort of the PRA user-group.