A new FDTD model for lightning generated EM wave simulation

A new full-wave finite-difference time domain method (FDTD) model was developed to simulate lightning-generated electromagnetic wave propagation in the ionosphere. A new PML technique (NPML) is applied in this model, which performs better than the classic PML in this application A numerical method is used to derive the coefficients of FDTD difference equations, Dispersion relations are analyzed to investigate the error of the model and the stability conditions are discussed. Simulation results show the improvement of this new model compared with a previous version.