Planar Bones for MPEG-4 facial animation

This paper proposes a deformation technique called Planar Bones, derived from surface-oriented free form deformations, and explores its application to the context of facial animation. The warping method proposed uses as the control input a polygonal mesh, which is built as a triangulation of the feature points defined by MPEG-4 (Motion Picture Experts Group). A strong correspondence between the facial geometry and this control structure is maintained throughout the animation, overcoming the issues of many of the current systems defined using this standard.