Multihop all-to-all broadcast on WDM optical networks

Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks provide huge bandwidth by allowing multiple data streams transmitted simultaneously along the same optical fiber, with each stream assigned a distinct wavelength. A key issue on WDM optical networks is to minimize the number of wavelengths for communications. All-to-all broadcast (gossiping) is a fundamental communication application on computer/communication networks. It is known that the minimum numbers of wavelengths for realizing gossiping in one-hop of optical routing on the ring and the two-dimensional torus of N nodes are cN/sup 2/ and cN/sup 3/2/, c /spl ap/ 1/8, respectively. These numbers can be too large even for moderate values of N. One approach to reduce the number of wavelengths is to realize gossiping in multihops of routing. We give routing algorithms which realize gossiping in k-hops (k /spl ges/ 2) by O(N/sup 1+1/k/) wavelengths on the ring, O(N/sup 1+1/(2k)/) wavelengths on the 2D torus, and O(N/sup 1+1/(3k)/) wavelengths on the 3D torus on a simple multihop routing model. We also discuss the multihop routing for gossiping on a merge model. We give the upper bounds on the numbers of wavelengths for gossiping in two-hops and three-hops for the ring, 2D torus, and 3D torus on the merge model.