Eight cardinal points in loudspeakers for sound reproduction

Good audio sound quality in stereophonic reproduction may be summarized in the "eight cardinal points of loudspeakers," which are: 1) minimal distortion, 2) optimum size, 3) avoidance of rattles, 4) avoidance of shadows, 5) avoidance of cavities, 6) wide spacing, 7) proper number, and 8) toe-in.