Large Language Model Technologies in Transportation: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have been extensively utilized in the transportation sector, resulting in substantial progress. This study conducts a systematic literature review and extensive bibliometric analysis of LLM applications in transportation to clarify their practical impact. We systematically examine the historical development and background of LLM technologies, characterize their transportation-specific applications, reveal implementation strategies and outcomes, and highlight prevalent challenges. Furthermore, the bibliometric study delineates publishing trends, important authors, and extensively cited publications. These findings are utilized to map the evolutionary path of LLMs in transportation, providing both academics and practitioners with a refined comprehension of contemporary trends and prospective applications in the domain.