E2PCRA: A Fuzzy-based Energy-Efficient Paging using Clustering and Routing Algorithm for 5G Wireless Networks

The fast-paced development of mobile communication and the deployment of 5G wireless networks necessitate smart and energy-efficient solutions for network features like paging. Paging is a critical enabler for users to accept incoming calls and messages, but conventional methods commonly experience energy efficiency, scalability, and latency limitations. Such constraints are exacerbated in 5G environments with ultra-low latency, massive connectivity, and high reliability needs. To solve these problems, this paper suggests E2PCRA: Energy-Efficient Two-Phase Clustering and Routing Algorithm using Fuzzy Logic for Paging Monitoring in 5G Wireless Networks. The main goal of E2PCRA is to minimize energy consumption and latency during paging by employing fuzzy logic in a two-phase process. In the initial phase, fuzzy logic is employed to create energy-efficient clusters based on parameters such as residual energy, node density, and signal strength. In the subsequent phase, fuzzy-based routing facilitates efficient routing of paging signals by dynamically choosing the best paths. The adaptive approach improves the responsiveness of the network under varying traffic loads and extends the operation life. The resulting framework is optimally designed to address the increasing needs of high-bandwidth applications and the exponential growth of devices in 5G networks. Simulation results confirm that E2PCRA notably saves energy, minimizes paging delays, and maximizes overall system performance, providing an efficient and scalable solution for future wireless networks.