Design of Multi Sensor Smart Agricultural Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System Based on Raspberry Pi

To address the issues of low efficiency and frequent manual intervention in traditional greenhouse environmental monitoring and management, a multi-sensor smart greenhouse environment monitoring system based on Raspberry Pi has been designed and implemented. The system uses Raspberry Pi as the core platform and integrates high-precision sensors for light intensity, soil temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity, and PH value to enable real-time collection of key environmental parameters inside the greenhouse. Through the PCF8591 analog-to-digital converter and the I2C interface, analog signals are digitally processed. The system uses wireless networks and the MQTT protocol to upload environmental data to the Alibaba Cloud IoT platform, allowing users to remotely and in real time monitor greenhouse conditions via web or mobile devices, as well as send intelligent control instructions for automated adjustment of actuators such as fans and heating elements. Test results show that the system significantly improves the stability of greenhouse environmental parameters, reduces manual intervention, and enhances crop growth efficiency and intelligent management. With its low cost, strong scalability, and ease of operation, the system provides an effective technical solution to promote the modernization of smart and facility agriculture.