Eco-Friendly IoT-based Smart Toy Automation for Interactive Learning and Engagement

Conventional radiofrequency ($\mathbf{R F}$) controlled toys used in educational contexts are constrained by limited range and low adaptability, reducing their effectiveness as interactive learning tools. This study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled smart toy that addresses these limitations while promoting sustainable technology integration in early education. The system architecture integrates an Arduino Uno microcontroller, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, L298N H-bridge motor driver, and dual DC motors to support wireless communication, multi-directional mobility, and real-time interaction through audiovisual and mechanical responses. The prototype was developed to replace RF-based control with WiFi, thereby extending operational flexibility and enabling more reliable remote operations. Experimental evaluation confirmed stable movement in multiple directions, with an effective range of approximately 20 meters, limited primarily by signal attenuation. The results demonstrate that the proposed system not only enhances user engagement and cognitive-motor skill development but also contributes to scalable and eco-friendly approaches in smart toy design. This work establishes a foundation for applying IoT-based control in interactive educational systems, offering both technical and pedagogical advancements.