Optimal Operation Strategies for Active Distribution Networks Considering the Data Center Demand Response

As the conflict between high-energy-consumption data centers and power system flexibility becomes increasingly pronounced, developing grid-friendly data centers has emerged as a critical challenge in the evolution of the energy internet. Although recent studies have made some progress, they still lack effective coordination between data centers and power systems. The physical and operation constraints of distribution networks are often neglected, and most data center demand response schemes do not account for dynamic electricity pricing. To address these issues, this paper proposes a collaborative framework that integrates dynamic pricing with spatiotemporal load migration. We introduce an improved DistFlow model and a bilevel iterative algorithm to establish equilibrium between the power system and data center clusters, thereby coordinating resource loads and achieving a Nash equilibrium that maximizes grid revenue while minimizing data center operating costs.