Research on Piezoelectric Monitoring Technology for Deformation of Tunnel Interior Floor

To systematically evaluate the sensing performance and monitoring reliability of piezoelectric sensors under traffic loading conditions, this study first establishes an analytical model for tunnel interior floor deflection under uniform loads using Kirchhoff’s plate theory, and validates the applicability of this theoretical approach through numerical analysis. Subsequently, through numerical simulations and scaled-model experiments, this paper quantifies the distribution patterns of floor deformations induced by passenger cars, large vehicles, and articulated vehicles within a physical tunnel model. The comparative analysis of numerical simulations and piezoelectric sensor measurements confirmed their consistency, thereby demonstrating the latter's superior performance in monitoring structural deformations. Additionally, in-situ deformation monitoring of tunnel interior floor was conducted via piezoelectric sensors, which also served to verify their operational effectiveness.