Air Quality Management in Ahmedabad: Monitoring, AQI Prediction, Analysis and Control Measures

Air pollution has become major problem for all the nations. India is also facing subsequent rises in AQI levels every year. Rising vehicle emissions, industrial development and urbanization continuously impact the air quality. Along with Delhi, Ahmedabad’s AQI levels are also quite concerning. Harmful pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, CO and NO make the AQI levels worsen creating environmental and public health issues. Long term exposure to harmful pollutants are causing respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Ahmedabad ranks 5th in India for high pollution levels. This urges for immediate requirement of stricter air control policies and verification of the existing policies. The aim of this paper is to predict the AQI levels in future years using machine learning models like LSTM and XGBoost. The LSTM model was hyper tuned to increase the accuracy of its results. On evaluating model performance parameters like MSE, MAE, R2 and RMSE it was found that LSTM works better than XGBoost for AQI prediction. LSTM predicted AQI levels for year 2025 and 2030 and the results showed that AQI levels are rising, thus suggesting the need for control measures immediately. This research highlights the application of data-driven forecasting which can help to design policies for pollution reduction and public health protection.