Mobile Antenna with a Booster Antenna to Enhance Gain in the End-Fire Direction for Satellite Communication in Nona-Band Metal-Bezel Phone

The distance of direct phone-to-satellite communication is significantly greater than that of cellular communication. The long-distance leads to a high path loss where high-gain mobile antenna is promising. In this communication, a high-gain satellite antenna in mobile phone with radiation in the end-fire direction is designed for satellite communication. The high-gain satellite antenna features a 0.5-wavelength floating antenna branch and a booster antenna. The 0.5-wavelength floating antenna branch uses the ground as the reflector to radiation in the end-fire direction. Also, the booster antenna excites the traveling-standing wave mode of the ground for radiation in the end-fire direction. Then, the 0.5-wavelength floating antenna branch and booster antenna are excited simultaneously, facilitating the in-phase superposition to enhance end-fire gain. Additionally, the satellite antenna is integrated into the cellular antennas to confirm the feasibility of the satellite antenna integration in modern phones. The measured -6 dB impedance bandwidth of the mobile antenna covers 699-975 MHz, 1680-3000 MHz, and 3110-4200 MHz, with the band of 2100-2400 MHz for satellite communications. Within these three frequency bands, the measured average efficiencies are 57%, 64%, and 66%. Also, within the 2100-2400 MHz band, the measured peak gain in the end-fire direction is 6.8 dBi with an average efficiency of 64.6%. The proposed antenna features a high gain in the end-fire direction and a full metal-bezel, which is promising for modern flagship smartphones.