Design and Implementation of Beam Control System for Active Phased Array Antenna

With the rapid development of low-orbit satellite communication, the demand for efficient and reliable communication is becoming more and more urgent. Phased array antenna technology has become the key to realize low-orbit satellite communication. Based on the phased array antenna of 2048 elements, this paper deeply studies and designs a distributed beam control system with two-stage beam control cascade, and proposes a method for fast calculation of beam pointing code. At the principle level, the basic theory of phased array antenna, the beam scanning principle of two-dimensional planar array, antenna beam granularity, phantom-bit technology and error compensation technology of antenna are described in detail. In the design of hardware system, FPGA is used as the main control chip, and the design of beam control system is realized by using twostage beam control cascade. In the software system design, the real-time calculation method and the pipeline technology are used to complete the phase calculation of the array unit. Finally, it is verified by the microwave anechoic chamber that the antenna beam pointing is correct at different pitch angles. The system design has a clear division of labor, reduces the operation time, meets the requirements of fast scanning, and provides an effective solution for phased array antenna beam control of low-orbit satellite communication.