What Drives the Ride? Assessing Factors of Immersion and Emotion in Virtual Reality Bicycle Simulations

Urban cycling offers significant environmental and mobility benefits, but is hindered by safety concerns and stress associated with traffic interactions. This study explores the use of a virtual reality bicycle simulator as a controlled environment to study cyclist behavior and improve cycling safety. Key findings indicate that participants gradually become more comfortable with the simulator, leading to reduced stress levels and en-hanced immersion. Notable improvements were made to the brake, steering and acceleration systems, and the effects of these enhancements on user experience were measured in the study. Although motion sickness remains a challenge, future work includes expanding virtual environments and improving sensor accuracy. Additionally, designs will be tailored to diverse user needs, including those with a fear of cycling, to enhance immersion.