On the Usage of Pulse-Width Modulation for Sensing Data Transmission Supported on Optical Camera Communication

This study presents an indoor Optical Camera Communication (OCC) system designed for Internet of Things sensor data transmission. The proposed setup employs pulse width modulation (PWM) to encode real-time measurements into the duty cycle of an LED signal. A rolling shutter camera captures the modulated optical output as a sequence of JPEG images, which are subsequently processed using image and signal processing techniques to decode the transmitted information. Key statistical features, namely, mean and standard deviation of the duty cycles before and after transmission, are computed and compared to evaluate decoding accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of PWM-based OCC for short-range sensor data transmission.