Observer-Based Compensation Control for Nonlinear Interconnected Power Systems With Load Disturbances and Actuator Faults

In this article, in the occurrence of load disturbances and internal actuator faults, exact performance compensation problem for nonlinear interconnected power systems (NIPSs) integrated with wind farms is solved by presenting an observer-based sliding mode control strategy. Concretely, a dynamic event condition in the sensor channel is designed by virtue of triggered output error and a dynamic threshold. With the help of event outputs and neural networks (NNs) technology, a composite observer is proposed to perform state, disturbance, and fault estimations of the power system simultaneously. By utilizing the variable estimations, a novel sliding mode manifold is designed and an observer-based controller is derived directly. Intuitively, the compensation action is triggered once the unknown variables of the NIPSs are estimated, thereby the disturbance rejection and fault tolerance can be achieved. A prominent benefit of the presented strategy is that the estimation convergence ability of the observer is proved independently, then the relationship between the observer and controller for the NIPSs can be relaxed. The control ability is analyzed within a $H_{\infty } $ performance through the Lyapunov theory. Simulation results for the two area NIPSs and comparisons on the recent achievements of the NIPSs are made, the results show that more than ten percent improvements can be realized compared with the recent control methods, which in return demonstrate the compensation performance of the presented control strategy. Note to Practitioners—This study is motivated by achieving the safety compensation control for nonlinear interconnected power systems (NIPSs) with actuator faults and unknown load disturbances. With the improvement of automation, the safety compensation control scheme has been applied to many critical fields, such as large scale power system, reactor process, and so on. However, the measured value of the instrument may not be fully achieved, thus causing some variables cannot be obtained directly. Furthermore, modern industrial systems are inherently vulnerable to unexpected load variations and actuator faults, which could degrade control precision and operational integrity. Compounding these challenges, bandwidth-constrained communication architectures persistently impose critical bottlenecks on control signal transmission efficiency. In view of the unknown variables, the threat of actuator faults and disturbances for the NIPSs, an observer-event-based compensation control strategy is proposed to deal with the above challenges.