Optimal Operation of Multiport Soft Open Points in Distribution Grids

Soft Open Points (SOPs) enhance the performance of distribution grids by interconnecting feeders and providing precise control of power flows, leveraging the flexibility resulting from distributed energy resources to provide different grid services. While SOPs are typically two-port devices, multiport converters can be employed to realize multiport SOPs. Multiport SOPs enable the simultaneous connection of more than two feeders and distributed energy resources at the connection point, offering greater operational benefits. This paper presents a mathematical framework for the optimal operation of multiport SOPs in distribution grids, specifically for minimizing voltage deviations and reducing energy losses. The effectiveness of installing and optimally operating one or more multiport SOPs is demonstrated through simulations on the IEEE 33-bus system. Additionally, the analysis highlights the critical role of strategic multiport SOP placement, depending on the objective function, in maximizing their operational impact.