Localization Algorithm and Accuracy Analysis Based on a Single Ultra Wide Band Module

This paper discusses the indoor localization scheme based on ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, focusing on analyzing the localization performance of polygonal measurement method and Taylor series localization method in different environments. By building an experimental environment in an open indoor area of 10*10 square meters, pure line-of-sight (LOS), non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and hybrid LOS/NLOS environments are set up, and a homogeneous trolley is used as a tag carrier to localize its position using UWB technology. The experimental results show that although the UWB sensors cannot provide velocity information directly, the positioning accuracy is significantly improved by assuming uniform velocity motion and combining Kalman filtering for trajectory optimization. The multilateral measurement method exhibits superior localization accuracy in all environments, especially in the complex NLOS environment, where it is more robust and adaptable compared to the Taylor series method. The experimental results further validate the advantages of the Multilateral measurement method in dealing with multipath effects and signal fading, which can provide an effective solution for high-precision localization in practical applications. The research in this paper provides a valuable reference for the optimization and application of future UWB positioning techniques.