Optimal Evs Discharging Strategies Based on the Stackelberg Game Under V2g

Recent rapid growth in electrical equipment usage has placed significant strain on power grids. Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a viable solution due to their mobility and energy storage capabilities. This paper investigates optimal EV discharging strategy using vehicle to gird (V2G) technology. Specifically, the EVs discharging problem is firstly modeled as a Stackelberg game with multiple leaders and followers, in which the EVs act as leaders and charging stations (CSs) as followers, with both entities able to bid freely in the market. Then, the Nash equilibrium of the game is strictly proved and a distributed algorithm is presented to find the optimal discharging strategies. Finally, the simulation results. Demonstrate that the proposed discharging strategies can effectively reduces charging station costs while increasing EV benefits.